Characteristics and Applications of Magnesium Alloys in CNC Machining

　　Magnesium alloys, the lightest structural metals, offer high strength-to-weight ratios but require careful handling in CNC machining due to their low melting point (around 650°C) and flammability. Their key characteristics include excellent machinability, low density (1.7–1.8 g/cm³), and good damping properties, making them ideal for weight-critical applications.

　　In CNC machining, chip management is paramount. Magnesium chips are highly flammable, so using chip breakers on tools and ensuring efficient coolant flow (water-soluble coolants with fire-retardant additives) prevents chip accumulation. Low cutting speeds (1,000–3,000 RPM) and moderate feed rates (0.1–0.25 mm/rev) reduce heat generation, avoiding chip ignition. Tools must be sharp to minimize friction; carbide tools with polished flutes prevent chip adhesion.

　　Applications of CNC-machined magnesium alloys span industries. In aerospace, they are used for aircraft components (e.g., gearboxes, brackets) to reduce weight and improve fuel efficiency. In automotive, they find use in steering wheels and transmission cases. Consumer electronics, such as laptop casings and camera bodies, benefit from their lightweight and electromagnetic shielding properties. Their damping capacity also makes them suitable for precision instruments and medical devices, where vibration reduction is critical. Proper machining ensures these parts meet strict tolerances (often ±0.01 mm) and surface finishes (Ra 0.8–3.2 μm) required for high-performance applications.